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3.
120
A king and a Srotriya, who come on the performance of a sacrifice, must be honoured with the honey-mixture, but not if no sacrifice is being performed; that is a settled rule.
- राजा च श्रोत्रियश्चैव यज्ञकर्मण्युपस्थितौ ।
मधुपर्केण संपूज्यौ न त्वयज्ञ इति स्थितिः । । ३.१२०[११०ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
121
But the wife shall offer in the evening (a portion) of the dressed food as a Bali-oblation, without (the recitation of) sacred formulas; for that (rite which is called the) Vaisvadeva is prescribed both for the morning and the evening.
- सायं त्वन्नस्य सिद्धस्य पत्न्यमन्त्रं बलिं हरेत् ।
वैश्वदेवं हि नामैतत्सायं प्रातर्विधीयते । । ३.१२१[१११ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
122
After performing the Pitriyagna, a Brahmana who keeps a sacred fire shall offer, month by month, on the new-moon day, the funeral sacrifice (Sraddha, called) Pindanvaharyaka.
- पितृयज्ञं तु निर्वर्त्य विप्रश्चन्द्रक्षयेऽग्निमान् ।
पिण्डान्वाहार्यकं श्राद्धं कुर्यान्मासानुमासिकम् । । ३.१२२[११२ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
123
The wise call the monthly funeral offering to the manes Anvaharya (to be offered after the cakes), and that must be carefully performed with the approved (sorts of) flesh (mentioned below).
- पितॄणां मासिकं श्राद्धं अन्वाहार्यं विदुर्बुधाः ।
तच्चामिषेणा कर्तव्यं प्रशस्तेन प्रयत्नतः । । ३.१२३[११३ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
124
I will fully declare what and how many (Brahmanas) must be fed on that (occasion), who must be avoided, and on what kinds of food (they shall dine).
- तत्र ये भोजनीयाः स्युर्ये च वर्ज्या द्विजोत्तमाः ।
यावन्तश्चैव यैश्चान्नैस्तान्प्रवक्ष्याम्यशेषतः । । ३.१२४[११४ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
125
One must feed two (Brahmanas) at the offering to the gods, and three at the offering to the manes, or one only on either occasion; even a very wealthy man shall not be anxious (to entertain) a large company.
- द्वौ दैवे पितृकार्ये त्रीनेकैकं उभयत्र वा ।
भोजयेत्सुसमृद्धोऽपि न प्रसज्जेत विस्तरे । । ३.१२५[११५ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
45
Let (the husband) approach his wife in due season, being constantly satisfied with her (alone); he may also, being intent on pleasing her, approach her with a desire for conjugal union (on any day) excepting the Parvans.
- ऋतुकालाभिगामी स्यात्स्वदारनिरतः सदा ।
पर्ववर्जं व्रजेच्चैनां तद्व्रतो रतिकाम्यया । । ३.४५ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
46
Sixteen (days and) nights (in each month), including four days which differ from the rest and are censured by the virtuous, (are called) the natural season of women.
- ऋतुः स्वाभाविकः स्त्रीणां रात्रयः षोडश स्मृताः ।
चतुर्भिरितरैः सार्धं अहोभिः सद्विगर्हितैः । । ३.४६ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
47
But among these the first four, the eleventh and the thirteenth are (declared to be) forbidden; the remaining nights are recommended.
- तासां आद्याश्चतस्रस्तु निन्दितैकादशी च या ।
त्रयोदशी च शेषास्तु प्रशस्ता दशरात्रयः । । ३.४७ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
48
On the even nights sons are conceived and daughters on the uneven ones; hence a man who desires to have sons should approach his wife in due season on the even (nights).
- युग्मासु पुत्रा जायन्ते स्त्रियोऽयुग्मासु रात्रिषु ।
तस्माद्युग्मासु पुत्रार्थी संविशेदार्तवे स्त्रियम् । । ३.४८ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
49
A male child is produced by a greater quantity of male seed, a female child by the prevalence of the female; if (both are) equal, a hermaphrodite or a boy and a girl; if (both are) weak or deficient in quantity, a failure of conception (results).
- पुमान्पुंसोऽधिके शुक्रे स्त्री भवत्यधिके स्त्रियाः ।
समेऽपुमान्पुं स्त्रियौ वा क्षीणेऽल्पे च विपर्ययः । । ३.४९ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
50
He who avoids women on the six forbidden nights and on eight others, is (equal in chastity to) a student, in whichever order he may live.
- निन्द्यास्वष्टासु चान्यासु स्त्रियो रात्रिषु वर्जयन् ।
ब्रह्मचार्येव भवति यत्र तत्राश्रमे वसन् । । ३.५० । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
51
No father who knows (the law) must take even the smallest gratuity for his daughter; for a man who, through avarice, takes a gratuity, is a seller of his offspring.
- न कन्यायाः पिता विद्वान्गृह्णीयाच्छुल्कं अण्वपि ।
गृह्णञ् शुल्कं हि लोभेन स्यान्नरोऽपत्यविक्रयी । । ३.५१ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
52
But those (male) relations who, in their folly, live on the separate property of women, (e.g. appropriate) the beasts of burden, carriages, and clothes of women, commit sin and will sink into hell.
- स्त्रीधनानि तु ये मोहादुपजीवन्ति बान्धवाः ।
नारी यानानि वस्त्रं वा ते पापा यान्त्यधोगतिम् । । ३.५२ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
53
Some call the cow and the bull (given) at an Arsha wedding 'a gratuity;' (but) that is wrong, since (the acceptance of) a fee, be it small or great, is a sale (of the daughter).
- आर्षे गोमिथुनं शुल्कं के चिदाहुर्मृषैव तत् ।
अल्पोऽप्येवं महान्वापि विक्रयस्तावदेव सः । । ३.५३ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
54
When the relatives do not appropriate (for their use) the gratuity (given), it is not a sale; (in that case) the (gift) is only a token of respect and of kindness towards the maidens.
- यासां नाददते शुल्कं ज्ञातयो न स विक्रयः ।
अर्हणं तत्कुमारीणां आनृशंस्यं च केवलम् । । ३.५४ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
55
Women must be honoured and adorned by their fathers, brothers, husbands, and brothers-in-law, who desire (their own) welfare.
- पितृभिर्भ्रातृभिश्चैताः पतिभिर्देवरैस्तथा ।
पूज्या भूषयितव्याश्च बहुकल्याणं ईप्सुभिः । । ३.५५ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
56
Where women are honoured, there the gods are pleased; but where they are not honoured, no sacred rite yields rewards.
- यत्र नार्यस्तु पूज्यन्ते रमन्ते तत्र देवताः ।
यत्रैतास्तु न पूज्यन्ते सर्वास्तत्राफलाः क्रियाः । । ३.५६ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
57
Where the female relations live in grief, the family soon wholly perishes; but that family where they are not unhappy ever prospers.
- शोचन्ति जामयो यत्र विनश्यत्याशु तत्कुलम् ।
न शोचन्ति तु यत्रैता वर्धते तद्धि सर्वदा । । ३.५७ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
58
The houses on which female relations, not being duly honoured, pronounce a curse, perish completely, as if destroyed by magic.
- जामयो यानि गेहानि शपन्त्यप्रतिपूजिताः ।
तानि कृत्याहतानीव विनश्यन्ति समन्ततः । । ३.५८ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
59
Hence men who seek (their own) welfare, should always honour women on holidays and festivals with (gifts of) ornaments, clothes, and (dainty) food.
- तस्मादेताः सदा पूज्या भूषणाच्छादनाशनैः ।
भूतिकामैर्नरैर्नित्यं सत्करेषूत्सवेषु च । । ३.५९ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
60
In that family, where the husband is pleased with his wife and the wife with her husband, happiness will assuredly be lasting.
- संतुष्टो भार्यया भर्ता भर्त्रा भार्या तथैव च ।
यस्मिन्नेव कुले नित्यं कल्याणं तत्र वै ध्रुवम् । । ३.६० । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
61
For if the wife is not radiant with beauty, she will not attract her husband; but if she has no attractions for him, no children will be born.
- यदि हि स्त्री न रोचेत पुमांसं न प्रमोदयेत् ।
अप्रमोदात्पुनः पुंसः प्रजनं न प्रवर्तते । । ३.६१ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
62
If the wife is radiant with beauty, the whole house is bright; but if she is destitute of beauty, all will appear dismal.
- स्त्रियां तु रोचमानायां सर्वं तद्रोचते कुलम् ।
तस्यां त्वरोचमानायां सर्वं एव न रोचते । । ३.६२ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
63
By low marriages, by omitting (the performance of) sacred rites, by neglecting the study of the Veda, and by irreverence towards Brahmanas, (great) families sink low.
- कुविवाहैः क्रियालोपैर्वेदानध्ययनेन च ।
कुलान्यकुलतां यान्ति ब्राह्मणातिक्रमेण च । । ३.६३ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
64
By (practising) handicrafts, by pecuniary transactions, by (begetting) children on Sudra females only, by (trading in) cows, horses, and carriages, by (the pursuit of) agriculture and by taking service under a king,
- शिल्पेन व्यवहारेण शूद्रापत्यैश्च केवलैः ।
गोभिरश्वैश्च यानैश्च कृष्या राजोपसेवया । । ३.६४ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
65
By sacrificing for men unworthy to offer sacrifices and by denying (the future rewards for good) works, families, deficient in the (knowledge of the) Veda, quickly perish.
- अयाज्ययाजनैश्चैव नास्तिक्येन च कर्मणाम् ।
कुलान्याशु विनश्यन्ति यानि हीनानि मन्त्रतः । । ३.६५ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
66
But families that are rich in the knowledge of the Veda, though possessing little wealth, are numbered among the great, and acquire great fame.
- मन्त्रतस्तु समृद्धानि कुलान्यल्पधनान्यपि ।
कुलसंख्यां च गच्छन्ति कर्षन्ति च महद्यशः । । ३.६६ । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
67
With the sacred fire, kindled at the wedding, a householder shall perform according to the law the domestic ceremonies and the five (great) sacrifices, and (with that) he shall daily cook his food.
- वैवाहिकेऽग्नौ कुर्वीत गृह्यं कर्म यथाविधि ।
पञ्चयज्ञविधानं च पक्तिं चान्वाहिकीं गृही । । ३.६७[५७ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
68
A householder has five slaughter-houses (as it were, viz.) the hearth, the grinding-stone, the broom, the pestle and mortar, the water-vessel, by using which he is bound (with the fetters of sin).
- पञ्च सूना गृहस्थस्य चुल्ली पेषण्युपस्करः ।
कण्डनी चोदकुम्भश्च बध्यते यास्तु वाहयन् । । ३.६८[५८ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
69
In order to successively expiate (the offences committed by means) of all these (five) the great sages have prescribed for householders the daily (performance of the five) great sacrifices.
- तासां क्रमेण सर्वासां निष्कृत्यर्थं महर्षिभिः ।
पञ्च क्ल्प्ता महायज्ञाः प्रत्यहं गृहमेधिनाम् । । ३.६९[५९ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
70
Teaching (and studying) is the sacrifice (offered) to Brahman, the (offerings of water and food called) Tarpana the sacrifice to the manes, the burnt oblation the sacrifice offered to the gods, the Bali offering that offered to the Bhutas, and the hospitable reception of guests the offering to men.
- अध्यापनं ब्रह्मयज्ञः पितृयज्ञस्तु तर्पणम् ।
होमो दैवो बलिर्भौतो नृयज्ञोऽतिथिपूजनम् । । ३.७०[६०ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
71
He who neglects not these five great sacrifices, while he is able (to perform them), is not tainted by the sins (committed) in the five places of slaughter, though he constantly lives in the (order of) house (-holders).
- पञ्चैतान्यो महाअयज्ञान्न हापयति शक्तितः ।
स गृहेऽपि वसन्नित्यं सूनादोषैर्न लिप्यते । । ३.७१[६१ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
72
But he who does not feed these five, the gods, his guests, those whom he is bound to maintain, the manes, and himself, lives not, though he breathes.
- देवतातिथिभृत्यानां पितॄणां आत्मनश्च यः ।
न निर्वपति पञ्चानां उच्छ्वसन्न स जीवति । । ३.७२[६२ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
73
They call (these) five sacrifices also, Ahuta, Huta, Prahuta, Brahmya-huta, and Prasita.
- अहुतं च हुतं चैव तथा प्रहुतं एव च ।
ब्राह्म्यं हुतं प्राशितं च पञ्चयज्ञान्प्रचक्षते । । ३.७३[६३ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
74
Ahuta (not offered in the fire) is the muttering (of Vedic texts), Huta the burnt oblation (offered to the gods), Prahuta (offered by scattering it on the ground) the Bali offering given to the Bhutas, Brahmya-huta (offered in the digestive fire of Brahmanas), the respectful reception of Brahmana (guests), and Prasita (eaten) the (daily oblation to the manes, called) Tarpana.
- जपोऽहुतो हुतो होमः प्रहुतो भौतिको बलिः ।
ब्राह्म्यं हुतं द्विजाग्र्यार्चा प्राशितं पितृतर्पणम् । । ३.७४[६४ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
75
Let (every man) in this (second order, at least) daily apply himself to the private recitation of the Veda, and also to the performance of the offering to the gods; for he who is diligent in the performance of sacrifices, supports both the movable and the immovable creation.
- स्वाध्याये नित्ययुक्तः स्याद्दैवे चैवेह कर्मणि ।
दैवकर्मणि युक्तो हि बिभर्तीदं चराचरम् । । ३.७५[६५ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
76
An oblation duly thrown into the fire, reaches the sun; from the sun comes rain, from rain food, therefrom the living creatures (derive their subsistence).
- अग्नौ प्रास्ताहुतिः सम्यगादित्यं उपतिष्ठते ।
आदित्याज्जायते वृष्टिर्वृष्टेरन्नं ततः प्रजाः । । ३.७६[६६ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
77
As all living creatures subsist by receiving support from air, even so (the members of) all orders subsist by receiving support from the householder.
- यथा वायुं समाश्रित्य वर्तन्ते सर्वजन्तवः ।
तथा गृहस्थं आश्रित्य वर्तन्ते सर्व आश्रमाः । । ३.७७[६७ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
78
Because men of the three (other) orders are daily supported by the householder with (gifts of) sacred knowledge and food, therefore (the order of) householders is the most excellent order.
- यस्मात्त्रयोऽप्याश्रमिणो ज्ञानेनान्नेन चान्वहम् ।
गृहस्थेनैव धार्यन्ते तस्माज्ज्येष्ठाश्रमो गृही । । ३.७८[६८ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
79
(The duties of) this order, which cannot be practised by men with weak organs, must be carefully observed by him who desires imperishable (bliss in) heaven, and constant happiness in this (life).
- स संधार्यः प्रयत्नेन स्वर्गं अक्षयं इच्छता ।
सुखं चेहेच्छतात्यन्तं योऽधार्यो दुर्बलेन्द्रियैः । । ३.७९[६९ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
80
The sages, the manes, the gods, the Bhutas, and guests ask the householders (for offerings and gifts); hence he who knows (the law), must give to them (what is due to each).
- ऋषयः पितरो देवा भूतान्यतिथयस्तथा ।
आशासते कुटुम्बिभ्यस्तेभ्यः कार्यं विजानता । । ३.८०[७०ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
81
Let him worship, according to the rule, the sages by the private recitation of the Veda, the gods by burnt oblations, the manes by funeral offerings (Sraddha), men by (gifts of) food, and the Bhutas by the Bali offering.
- स्वाध्यायेनार्चयेत र्षीन्होमैर्देवान्यथाविधि ।
पितॄञ् श्राद्धैश्च नॄनन्नैर्भूतानि बलिकर्मणा । । ३.८१[७१ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
82
Let him daily perform a funeral sacrifice with food, or with water, or also with milk, roots, and fruits, and (thus) please the manes.
- कुर्यादहरहः श्राद्धं अन्नाद्येनोदकेन वा ।
पयोमूलफलैर्वापि पितृभ्यः प्रीतिं आवहन् । । ३.८२[७२ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
83
Let him feed even one Brahmana in honour of the manes at (the Sraddha), which belongs to the five great sacrifices; but let him not feed on that (occasion) any Brahmana on account of the Vaisvadeva offering.
- एकं अप्याशयेद्विप्रं पित्रर्थे पाञ्चयज्ञिके ।
न चैवात्राशयेत्किं चिद्वैश्वदेवं प्रति द्विजम् । । ३.८३[७३ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
84
A Brahmana shall offer according to the rule (of his Grihya-sutra a portion) of the cooked food destined for the Vaisvadeva in the sacred domestic fire to the following deities:
- वैश्वदेवस्य सिद्धस्य गृह्येऽग्नौ विधिपूर्वकम् ।
आभ्यः कुर्याद्देवताभ्यो ब्राह्मणो होमं अन्वहम् । । ३.८४[७४ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
85
First to Agni, and (next) to Soma, then to both these gods conjointly, further to all the gods (Visve Devah), and (then) to Dhanvantari,
- अग्नेः सोमस्य चैवादौ तयोश्चैव समस्तयोः ।
विश्वेभ्यश्चैव देवेभ्यो धन्वन्तरय एव च । । ३.८५[७५ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
86
Further to Kuhu (the goddess of the new-moon day), to Anumati (the goddess of the full-moon day), to Pragapati (the lord of creatures), to heaven and earth conjointly, and finally to Agni Svishtakrit (the fire which performs the sacrifice well).
- कुह्वै चैवानुमत्यै च प्रजापतय एव च ।
सह द्यावापृथिव्योश्च तथा स्विष्टकृतेऽन्ततः । । ३.८६[७६ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
87
After having thus duly offered the sacrificial food, let him throw Bali offerings in all directions of the compass, proceeding (from the east) to the south, to Indra, Yama, Varuna, and Soma, as well as to the servants (of these deities).
- एवं सम्यग्घविर्हुत्वा सर्वदिक्षु प्रदक्षिणम् ।
इन्द्रान्तकाप्पतीन्दुभ्यः सानुगेभ्यो बलिं हरेत् । । ३.८७[७७ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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3.
88
Saying, '(Adoration) to the Maruts,' he shall scatter (some food) near the door, and (some) in water, saying, '(Adoration to the waters;' he shall throw (some) on the pestle and the mortar, speaking thus, '(Adoration) to the trees.'
- मरुद्भ्य इति तु द्वारि क्षिपेदप्स्वद्भ्य इत्यपि ।
वनस्पतिभ्य इत्येवं मुसलोलूखले हरेत् । । ३.८८[७८ं] । । (Ⅲ)
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