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4.
89
संजीवनं महावीचिं तपनं संप्रतापनम् ।
संहातं च सकाकोलं कुड्मलं प्रतिमूर्तिकम् । । ४.८९ । ।
- Samgivana, Mahaviki, Tapana, Sampratapana, Samghata, Sakakola, Kudmala, Putimrittika, (Ⅲ)
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4.
90
लोहशङ्कुं ऋजीषं च पन्थानं शाल्मलीं नदीम् ।
असिपत्रवनं चैव लोहदारकं एव च । । ४.९० । ।
- Lohasanku, Rigisha, Pathin, the (flaming) river, Salmala, Asipatravana, and Lohakaraka. (Ⅲ)
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4.
91
एतद्विदन्तो विद्वांसो ब्राह्मणा ब्रह्मवादिनः ।
न राज्ञः प्रतिगृह्णन्ति प्रेत्य श्रेयोऽभिकाङ्क्षिणः । । ४.९१ । ।
- Learned Brahmanas, who know that, who study the Veda and desire bliss after death, do not accept presents from a king. (Ⅲ)
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4.
92
ब्राह्मे मुहूर्ते बुध्येत धर्मार्थौ चानुचिन्तयेत् ।
कायक्लेशांश्च तन्मूलान्वेदतत्त्वार्थं एव च । । ४.९२ । ।
- Let him wake in the muhurta, sacred to Brahman, and think of (the acquisition of) spiritual merit and wealth, of the bodily fatigue arising therefrom, and of the true meaning of the Veda. (Ⅲ)
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4.
93
उत्थायावश्यकं कृत्वा कृतशौचः समाहितः ।
पूर्वां संध्यां जपंस्तिष्ठेत्स्वकाले चापरां चिरम् । । ४.९३ । ।
- When he has risen, has relieved the necessities of nature and carefully purified himself, let him stand during the morning twilight, muttering for a long time (the Gayatri), and at the proper time (he must similarly perform) the evening (devotion). (Ⅲ)
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4.
45
नान्नं अद्यादेकवासा न नग्नः स्नानं आचरेत् ।
न मूत्रं पथि कुर्वीत न भस्मनि न गोव्रजे । । ४.४५ । ।
- Let him not eat, dressed with one garment only; let him not bathe naked; let him not void urine on a road, on ashes, or in a cow-pen, (Ⅲ)
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4.
46
न फालकृष्टे न जले न चित्यां न च पर्वते ।
न जीर्णदेवायतने न वल्मीके कदा चन । । ४.४६ । ।
- Nor on ploughed land, in water, on an altar of bricks, on a mountain, on the ruins of a temple, nor ever on an ant-hill, (Ⅲ)
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4.
47
न ससत्त्वेषु गर्तेषु न गच्छन्नपि न स्थितः ।
न नदीतीरं आसाद्य न च पर्वतमस्तके । । ४.४७ । ।
- Nor in holes inhabited by living creatures, nor while he walks or stands, nor on reaching the bank of a river, nor on the top of a mountain. (Ⅲ)
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4.
48
वाय्वग्निविप्रं आदित्यं अपः पश्यंस्तथैव गाः ।
न कदा चन कुर्वीत विण्मूत्रस्य विसर्जनम् । । ४.४८ । ।
- Let him never void faeces or urine, facing the wind, or a fire, or looking towards a Brahmana, the sun, water, or cows. (Ⅲ)
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4.
49
तिरस्कृत्योच्चरेत्काष्ठ लोष्ठपत्रतृणादिना ।
नियम्य प्रयतो वाचं संवीताङ्गोऽवगुण्ठितः । । क्४.४९[५०ं] । ।
- He may ease himself, having covered (the ground) with sticks, clods, leaves, grass, and the like, restraining his speech, (keeping himself) pure, wrapping up his body, and covering his head. (Ⅲ)
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4.
50
मूत्रोच्चारसमुत्सर्गं दिवा कुर्यादुदङ्मुखः ।
दक्षिणाभिमुखो रात्रौ संध्यायोश्च यथा दिवा । । क्४.५०[५१ं] । ।
- Let him void faeces and urine, in the daytime turning to the north, at night turning towards the south, during the two twilights in the same (position) as by day. (Ⅲ)
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4.
51
छायायां अन्धकारे वा रात्रावहनि वा द्विजः ।
यथासुखमुखः कुर्यात्प्राणबाधभयेषु च । । क्४.५१[५२ं] । ।
- In the shade or in darkness a Brahmana may, both by day and at night, do it, assuming any position he pleases; likewise when his life is in danger. (Ⅲ)
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4.
52
प्रत्यग्निं प्रतिसूर्यं च प्रतिसोमोदकद्विजम् ।
प्रतिगु प्रतिवातं च प्रज्ञा नश्यति मेहतः । । क्४.५२[४९ं] । ।
- The intellect of (a man) who voids urine against a fire, the sun, the moon, in water, against a Brahmana, a cow, or the wind, perishes. (Ⅲ)
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4.
53
नाग्निं मुखेनोपधमेन्नग्नां नेक्षेत च स्त्रियम् ।
नामेध्यं प्रक्षिपेदग्नौ न च पादौ प्रतापयेत् । । ४.५३ । ।
- Let him not blow a fire with his mouth; let him not look at a naked woman; let him not throw any impure substance into the fire, and let him not warm his feet at it. (Ⅲ)
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4.
54
अधस्तान्नोपदध्याच्च न चैनं अभिलङ्घयेत् ।
न चैनं पादतः कुर्यान्न प्राणाबाधं आचरेत् । । ४.५४ । ।
- Let him not place (fire) under (a bed or the like); nor step over it, nor place it (when he sleeps) at the foot-(end of his bed); let him not torment living creatures. (Ⅲ)
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4.
55
नाश्नीयात्संधिवेलायां न गच्छेन्नापि संविशेत् ।
न चैव प्रलिखेद्भूमिं नात्मनोऽपहरेत्स्रजम् । । ४.५५ । ।
- Let him not eat, nor travel, nor sleep during the twilight; let him not scratch the ground; let him not take off his garland. (Ⅲ)
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4.
56
नाप्सु मूत्रं पुरीषं वा ष्ठीवनं वा समुत्सृजेत् ।
अमेध्यलिप्तं अन्यद्वा लोहितं वा विषाणि वा । । ४.५६ । ।
- Let him not throw urine or faeces into the water, nor saliva, nor (clothes) defiled by impure substances, nor any other (impurity), nor blood, nor poisonous things. (Ⅲ)
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4.
57
नैकः सुप्याच्छून्यगेहे न श्रेयांसं प्रबोधयेत् ।
नोदक्ययाभिभाषेत यज्ञं गच्छेन्न चावृतः । । ४.५७ । ।
- Let him not sleep alone in a deserted dwelling; let him not wake (a superior) who is sleeping; let him not converse with a menstruating woman; nor let him go to a sacrifice, if he is not chosen (to be officiating priest). (Ⅲ)
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4.
58
अग्न्यगारे गवां गोष्ठे ब्राह्मणानां च संनिधौ ।
स्वाध्याये भोजने चैव दक्षिनं पाणिं उद्धरेत् । । ४.५८ । ।
- Let him keep his right arm uncovered in a place where a sacred fire is kept, in a cow-pen, in the presence of Brahmanas, during the private recitation of the Veda, and at meals. (Ⅲ)
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4.
59
न वारयेद्गां धयन्तीं न चाचक्षीत कस्य चित् ।
न दिवीन्द्रायुधं दृष्ट्वा कस्य चिद्दर्शयेद्बुधः । । ४.५९ । ।
- Let him not interrupt a cow who is suckling (her calf), nor tell anybody of it. A wise man, if he sees a rainbow in the sky, must not point it out to anybody. (Ⅲ)
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4.
60
नाधर्मिके वसेद्ग्रामे न व्याधिबहुले भृशम् ।
नैकः प्रपद्येताध्वानं न चिरं पर्वते वसेत् । । ४.६० । ।
- Let him not dwell in a village where the sacred law is not obeyed, nor (stay) long where diseases are endemic; let him not go alone on a journey, nor reside long on a mountain. (Ⅲ)
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4.
61
न शूद्रराज्ये निवसेन्नाधार्मिकजनावृते ।
न पाषण्डिगणाक्रान्ते नोपस्षृटेऽन्त्यजैर्नृभिः । । ४.६१ । ।
- Let him not dwell in a country where the rulers are Sudras, nor in one which is surrounded by unrighteous men, nor in one which has become subject to heretics, nor in one swarming with men of the lowest castes. (Ⅲ)
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4.
62
न भुञ्जीतोद्धृतस्नेहं नातिसौहित्यं आचरेत् ।
नातिप्रगे नातिसायं न सायं प्रातराशितः । । ४.६२ । ।
- Let him not eat anything from which the oil has been extracted; let him not be a glutton; let him not eat very early (in the morning), nor very late (in the evening), nor (take any food) in the evening, if he has eaten (his fill) in the morning. (Ⅲ)
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4.
63
न कुर्वीत वृथाचेष्टां न वार्यञ्जलिना पिबेत् ।
नोत्सङ्गे भक्षयेद्भक्ष्यान्न जातु स्यात्कुतूहली । । ४.६३ । ।
- Let him not exert himself without a purpose; let him not drink water out of his joined palms; let him not eat food (placed) in his lap; let him not show (idle) curiosity. (Ⅲ)
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4.
64
न नृत्येदथ वा गायेन्न वादित्राणि वादयेत्] ।
नास्फोटयेन्न च क्ष्वेडेन्न च रक्तो विरावयेत् । । ४.६४ । ।
- Let him not dance, nor sing, nor play musical instruments, nor slap (his limbs), nor grind his teeth, nor let him make uncouth noises, though he be in a passion. (Ⅲ)
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4.
65
न पादौ धावयेत्कांस्ये कदा चिदपि भाजने ।
न भिन्नभाण्डे भुञ्जीत न भावप्रतिदूषिते । । ४.६५ । ।
- Let him never wash his feet in a vessel of white brass; let him not eat out of a broken (earthen) dish, nor out of one that (to judge) from its appearance (is) defiled. (Ⅲ)
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4.
66
उपानहौ च वासश्च धृतं अन्यैर्न धारयेत् ।
उपवीतं अलङ्कारं स्रजं करकं एव च । । ४.६६ । ।
- Let him not use shoes, garments, a sacred string, ornaments, a garland, or a water-vessel which have been used by others. (Ⅲ)
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4.
67
नाविनीतैर्भजेद्धुर्यैर्न च क्षुध्व्याधिपीडितैः ।
न भिन्नशृङ्गाक्षिखुरैर्न वालधिविरूपितैः । । ४.६७ । ।
- Let him not travel with untrained beasts of burden, nor with (animals) that are tormented by hunger or disease, or whose horns, eyes, and hoofs have been injured, or whose tails have been disfigured. (Ⅲ)
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4.
68
विनीतैस्तु व्रजेन्नित्यं आशुगैर्लक्षणान्वितैः ।
वर्णरूपोपसंपन्नैः प्रतोदेनातुदन्भृशम् । । ४.६८ । ।
- Let him always travel with (beasts) which are well broken in, swift, endowed with lucky marks, and perfect in colour and form, without urging them much with the goad. (Ⅲ)
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4.
69
बालातपः प्रेतधूमो वर्ज्यं भिन्नं तथासनम् ।
न छिन्द्यान्नखरोमाणि दन्तैर्नोत्पाटयेन्नखान् । । ४.६९ । ।
- The morning sun, the smoke rising from a (burning) corpse, and a broken seat must be avoided. Let him not clip his nails or hair, and not tear his nails with his teeth. (Ⅲ)
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4.
70
न मृल्लोष्ठं च मृद्नीयान्न छिन्द्यात्करजैस्तृणम् ।
न कर्म निष्फलं कुर्यान्नायत्यां असुखोदयम् । । ४.७० । ।
- Let him not crush earth or clods, nor tear off grass with his nails; let him not do anything that is useless or will have disagreeable results in the future. (Ⅲ)
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4.
71
लोष्ठमर्दी तृणच्छेदी नखखादी च यो नरः ।
स विनाशं व्रजत्याशु सूचकाशुचिरेव च । । ४.७१ । ।
- A man who crushes clods, tears off grass, or bites his nails, goes soon to perdition, likewise an informer and he who neglects (the rules of) purification. (Ⅲ)
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4.
72
न विगर्ह्य कथां कुर्याद्बहिर्माल्यं न धारयेत् ।
गवां च यानं पृष्ठेन सर्वथैव विगर्हितम् । । ४.७२ । ।
- Let him not wrangle; let him not wear a garland over (his hair). To ride on the back of cows (or of oxen) is anyhow a blamable act. (Ⅲ)
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4.
73
अद्वारेण च नातीयाद्ग्रामं वा वेश्म वावृतम् ।
रात्रौ च वृक्षमूलानि दूरतः परिवर्जयेत् । । ४.७३ । ।
- Let him not enter a walled village or house except by the gate, and by night let him keep at a long distance from the roots of trees. (Ⅲ)
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4.
74
नाक्षैर्दीव्येत्कदा चित्तु स्वयं नोपानहौ हरेत् ।
शयनस्थो न भुञ्जीत न पाणिस्थं न चासने । । ४.७४ । ।
- Let him never play with dice, nor himself take off his shoes; let him not eat, lying on a bed, nor what has been placed in his hand or on a seat. (Ⅲ)
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4.
75
सर्वं च तिलसंबद्धं नाद्यादस्तं इते रवौ ।
न च नग्नः शयीतेह न चोच्छिष्टः क्व चिद्व्रजेत् । । ४.७५ । ।
- Let him not eat after sunset any (food) containing sesamum grains; let him never sleep naked, nor go anywhere unpurified (after meals). (Ⅲ)
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4.
76
आर्द्रपादस्तु भुञ्जीत नार्द्रपादस्तु संविशेत् ।
आर्द्रपादस्तु भुञ्जानो दीर्घं आयुरवाप्नुयात् । । ४.७६ । ।
- Let him eat while his feet are (yet) wet (from the ablution), but let him not go to bed with wet feet. He who eats while his feet are (still) wet, will attain long life. (Ⅲ)
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4.
77
अचक्षुर्विषयं दुर्गं $ न प्रपद्येत कर्हि चित् ।
न विण्मूत्रं उदीक्षेत न बाहुभ्यां नदीं तरेत् । । ४.७७ । ।
- Let him never enter a place, difficult of access, which is impervious to his eye; let him not look at urine or ordure, nor cross a river (swimming) with his arms. (Ⅲ)
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4.
78
अधितिष्ठेन्न केशांस्तु न भस्मास्थिकपालिकाः ।
न कार्पासास्थि न तुषान्दीर्घं आयुर्जिजीविषुः । । ४.७८ । ।
- Let him not step on hair, ashes, bones, potsherds, cotton-seed or chaff, if he desires long life. (Ⅲ)
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4.
79
न संवसेच्च पतितैर्न चाण्डालैर्न पुल्कसैः ।
न मूर्खैर्नावलिप्तैश्च नान्त्यैर्नान्त्यावसायिभिः । । ४.७९ । ।
- Let him not stay together with outcasts, nor with Kandalas, nor with Pukkasas, nor with fools, nor with overbearing men, nor with low-caste men, nor with Antyavasayins. (Ⅲ)
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4.
80
न शूद्राय मतिं दद्यान्नोच्छिष्टं न हविष्कृतम् ।
न चास्योपदिशेद्धर्मं न चास्य व्रतं आदिशेत् । । ४.८० । ।
- Let him not give to a Sudra advice, nor the remnants (of his meal), nor food offered to the gods; nor let him explain the sacred law (to such a man), nor impose (upon him) a penance. (Ⅲ)
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4.
81
यो ह्यस्य धर्मं आचष्टे यश्चैवादिशति व्रतम् ।
सोऽसंवृतं नाम तमः सह तेनैव मज्जति । । ४.८१ । ।
- For he who explains the sacred law (to a Sudra) or dictates to him a penance, will sink together with that (man) into the hell (called) Asamvrita. (Ⅲ)
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4.
82
न संहताभ्यां पाणिभ्यां कण्डूयेदात्मनः शिरः ।
न स्पृशेच्चैतदुच्छिष्टो न च स्नायाद्विना ततः । । ४.८२ । ।
- Let him not scratch his head with both hands joined; let him not touch it while he is impure, nor bathe without (submerging) it. (Ⅲ)
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4.
94
ऋषयो दीर्घसंध्यत्वाद्दीर्घं आयुरवाप्नुयुः ।
प्रज्ञां यशश्च कीर्तिं च ब्रह्मवर्चसं एव च । । ४.९४ । ।
- By prolonging the twilight devotions, the sages obtained long life, wisdom, honour, fame, and excellence in Vedic knowledge. (Ⅲ)
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4.
95
श्रावण्यां प्रौष्ठपद्यां वाप्युपाकृत्य यथाविधि ।
युक्तश्छन्दांस्यधीयीत मासान्विप्रोऽर्धपञ्चमान् । । ४.९५ । ।
- Having performed the Upakarman according to the prescribed rule on (the full moon of the month) Sravana, or on that of Praushthapada (Bhadrapada), a Brahmana shall diligently study the Vedas during four months and a half. (Ⅲ)
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4.
122
अतिथिं चाननुज्ञाप्य मारुते वाति वा भृशम् ।
रुधिरे च स्रुते गात्राच्छस्त्रेण च परिक्षते । । ४.१२२ । ।
- Nor without receiving permission from a guest (who stays in his house), nor while the wind blows vehemently, nor while blood flows from his body, nor when he is wounded by a weapon. (Ⅲ)
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4.
123
सामध्वनावृग्यजुषी नाधीयीत कदा चन ।
वेदस्याधीत्य वाप्यन्तं आरण्यकं अधीत्य च । । ४.१२३ । ।
- Let him never recite the Rig-veda or the Yagur-veda while the Saman (melodies) are heard; (let him stop all Veda-study for a day and a night) after finishing a Veda or after reciting an Aranyaka. (Ⅲ)
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4.
124
ऋग्वेदो देवदैवत्यो यजुर्वेदस्तु मानुषः ।
सामवेदः स्मृतः पित्र्यस्तस्मात्तस्याशुचिर्ध्वनिः । । ४.१२४ । ।
- The Rig-veda is declared to be sacred to the gods, the Yagur-veda sacred to men, and the Sama-veda sacred to the manes; hence the sound of the latter is impure (as it were). (Ⅲ)
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4.
125
एतद्विद्वन्तो विद्वांसस्त्रयीनिष्कर्षं अन्वहम् ।
क्रमतः पूर्वं अभ्यस्य पश्चाद्वेदं अधीयते । । ४.१२५ । ।
- Knowing this, the learned daily repeat first in due order the essence of the three (Vedas) and afterwards the (text of the) Veda. (Ⅲ)
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4.
126
पशुमण्डूकमार्जार श्वसर्पनकुलाखुभिः ।
अन्तरागमने विद्यादनध्यायं अहर्निशम् । । ४.१२६ । ।
- Know that (the Veda-study must be) interrupted for a day and a night, when cattle, a frog, a cat, a dog, a snake, an ichneumon, or a rat pass between (the teacher and his pupil). (Ⅲ)
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