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7.
37
ब्राह्मणान्पर्युपासीत प्रातरुत्थाय पार्थिवः ।
त्रैविद्यवृद्धान्विदुषस्तिष्ठेत्तेषां च शासने । । ७.३७ । ।
- Let the king, after rising early in the morning, worship Brahmanas who are well versed in the threefold sacred science and learned (in polity), and follow their advice. (Ⅲ)
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7.
38
वृद्धांश्च नित्यं सेवेत विप्रान्वेदविदः शुचीन् ।
वृद्धसेवी हि सततं रक्षोभिरपि पूज्यते । । ७.३८ । ।
- Let him daily worship aged Brahmanas who know the Veda and are pure; for he who always worships aged men, is honoured even by Rakshasas. (Ⅲ)
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7.
39
तेभ्योऽधिगच्छेद्विनयं विनीतात्मापि नित्यशः ।
विनीतात्मा हि नृपतिर्न विनश्यति कर्हि चित् । । ७.३९ । ।
- Let him, though he may already be modest, constantly learn modesty from them; for a king who is modest never perishes. (Ⅲ)
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7.
40
बहवोऽविनयान्नष्टा राजानः सपरिच्छदाः ।
वनस्था अपि राज्यानि विनयात्प्रतिपेदिरे । । ७.४० । ।
- Through a want of modesty many kings have perished, together with their belongings; through modesty even hermits in the forest have gained kingdoms. (Ⅲ)
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7.
41
वेनो विनष्टोऽविनयान्नहुषश्चैव पार्थिवः ।
सुदाः पैजवनश्चैव सुमुखो निमिरेव च । । ७.४१ । ।
- Through a want of humility Vena perished, likewise king Nahusha, Sudas, the son of Pigavana, Sumukha, and Nemi. (Ⅲ)
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7.
42
पृथुस्तु विनयाद्राज्यं प्राप्तवान्मनुरेव च ।
कुबेरश्च धनैश्वर्यं ब्राह्मण्यं चैव गाधिजः । । ७.४२ । ।
- But by humility Prithu and Manu gained sovereignty, Kubera the position of the Lord of wealth, and the son of Gadhi the rank of a Brahmana. (Ⅲ)
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7.
43
त्रैविद्येभ्यस्त्रयीं विद्यां दण्डनीतिं च शाश्वतीम् ।
आन्वीक्षिकीं चात्मविद्यां वार्तारम्भांश्च लोकतः । । ७.४३ । ।
- From those versed in the three Vedas let him learn the threefold (sacred science), the primeval science of government, the science of dialectics, and the knowledge of the (supreme) Soul; from the people (the theory of) the (various) trades and professions. (Ⅲ)
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7.
44
इन्द्रियाणां जये योगं समातिष्ठेद्दिवानिशम् ।
जितेन्द्रियो हि शक्नोति वशे स्थापयितुं प्रजाः । । ७.४४ । ।
- Day and night he must strenuously exert himself to conquer his senses; for he (alone) who has conquered his own senses, can keep his subjects in obedience. (Ⅲ)
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7.
45
दश कामसमुत्थानि तथाष्टौ क्रोधजानि च ।
व्यसनानि दुरन्तानि प्रयत्नेन विवर्जयेत् । । ७.४५ । ।
- Let him carefully shun the ten vices, springing from love of pleasure, and the eight, proceeding from wrath, which (all) end in misery. (Ⅲ)
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7.
46
कामजेषु प्रसक्तो हि व्यसनेषु महीपतिः ।
वियुज्यतेऽर्थधर्माभ्यां क्रोधजेष्वात्मनैव तु । । ७.४६ । ।
- For a king who is attached to the vices springing from love of pleasure, loses his wealth and his virtue, but (he who is given) to those arising from anger, (loses) even his life. (Ⅲ)
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7.
47
मृगयाक्षो दिवास्वप्नः परिवादः स्त्रियो मदः ।
तौर्यत्रिकं वृथाट्या च कामजो दशको गणः । । ७.४७ । ।
- Hunting, gambling, sleeping by day, censoriousness, (excess with) women, drunkenness, (an inordinate love for) dancing, singing, and music, and useless travel are the tenfold set (of vices) springing from love of pleasure. (Ⅲ)
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7.
48
पैशुन्यं साहसं द्रोह ईर्ष्यासूयार्थदूषणम् ।
वाग्दण्डजं च पारुष्यं क्रोधजोऽपि गणोऽष्टकः । । ७.४८ । ।
- Tale-bearing, violence, treachery, envy, slandering, (unjust) seizure of property, reviling, and assault are the eightfold set (of vices) produced by wrath. (Ⅲ)
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7.
49
द्वयोरप्येतयोर्मूलं यं सर्वे कवयो विदुः ।
तं यत्नेन जयेल्लोभं तज्जावेतावुभौ गणौ । । ७.४९ । ।
- That greediness which all wise men declare to be the root even of both these (sets), let him carefully conquer; both sets (of vices) are produced by that. (Ⅲ)
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7.
56
तैः सार्धं चिन्तयेन्नित्यं सामान्यं संधिविग्रहम् ।
स्थानं समुदयं गुप्तिं लब्धप्रशमनानि च । । ७.५६ । ।
- Let him daily consider with them the ordinary (business, referring to) peace and war, (the four subjects called) sthana, the revenue, the (manner of) protecting (himself and his kingdom), and the sanctification of his gains (by pious gifts). (Ⅲ)
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7.
57
तेषां स्वं स्वं अभिप्रायं उपलभ्य पृथक्पृथक् ।
समस्तानां च कार्येषु विदध्याद्धितं आत्मनः । । ७.५७ । ।
- Having (first) ascertained the opinion of each (minister) separately and (then the views) of all together, let him do what is (most) beneficial for him in his affairs. (Ⅲ)
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7.
58
सर्वेषां तु विशिष्टेन ब्राह्मणेन विपश्चिता ।
मन्त्रयेत्परमं मन्त्रं राजा षाड्गुण्यसंयुतम् । । ७.५८ । ।
- But with the most distinguished among them all, a learned Brahmana, let the king deliberate on the most important affairs which relate to the six measures of royal policy. (Ⅲ)
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7.
59
नित्यं तस्मिन्समाश्वस्तः सर्वकार्याणि निःक्षिपेत् ।
तेन सार्धं विनिश्चित्य ततः कर्म समारभेत् । । ७.५९ । ।
- Let him, full of confidence, always entrust to that (official) all business; having taken his final resolution with him, let him afterwards begin to act. (Ⅲ)
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7.
60
अन्यानपि प्रकुर्वीत शुचीन्प्राज्ञानवस्थितान् ।
सम्यगर्थसमाहर्तॄनमात्यान्सुपरीक्षितान् । । ७.६० । ।
- He must also appoint other officials, (men) of integrity, (who are) wise, firm, well able to collect money, and well tried. (Ⅲ)
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7.
61
निर्वर्तेतास्य यावद्भिरितिकर्तव्यता नृभिः ।
तावतोऽतन्द्रितान्दक्षान्प्रकुर्वीत विचक्षणान् । । ७.६१ । ।
- As many persons as the due performance of his business requires, so many skilful and clever (men), free from sloth, let him appoint. (Ⅲ)
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7.
62
तेषां अर्थे नियुञ्जीत शूरान्दक्षान्कुलोद्गतान् ।
शुचीनाकरकर्मान्ते भीरूनन्तर्निवेशने । । ७.६२ । ।
- Among them let him employ the brave, the skilful, the high-born, and the honest in (offices for the collection of) revenue, (e.g.) in mines, manufactures, and storehouses, (but) the timid in the interior of his palace. (Ⅲ)
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7.
63
दूतं चैव प्रकुर्वीत सर्वशास्त्रविशारदम् ।
इङ्गिताकारचेष्टज्ञं शुचिं दक्षं कुलोद्गतम् । । ७.६३ । ।
- Let him also appoint an ambassador who is versed in all sciences, who understands hints, expressions of the face and gestures, who is honest, skilful, and of (noble) family. (Ⅲ)
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7.
64
अनुरक्तः शुचिर्दक्षः स्मृतिमान्देशकालवित् ।
वपुष्मान्वीतभीर्वाग्मी दूतो राज्ञः प्रशस्यते । । ७.६४ । ।
- (Such) an ambassador is commended to a king (who is) loyal, honest, skilful, possessing a good memory, who knows the (proper) place and time (for action, who is) handsome, fearless, and eloquent. (Ⅲ)
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7.
65
अमात्ये दण्ड आयत्तो दण्डे वैनयिकी क्रिया ।
नृपतौ कोशराष्ट्रे च दूते संधिविपर्ययौ । । ७.६५ । ।
- The army depends on the official (placed in charge of it), the due control (of the subjects) on the army, the treasury and the (government of) the realm on the king, peace and its opposite (war) on the ambassador. (Ⅲ)
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7.
66
दूत एव हि संधत्ते भिनत्त्येव च संहतान् ।
दूतस्तत्कुरुते कर्म भिद्यन्ते येन मानवः । । ७.६६ । ।
- For the ambassador alone makes (kings') allies and separates allies; the ambassador transacts that business by which (kings) are disunited or not. (Ⅲ)
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7.
67
स विद्यादस्य कृत्येषु निर्गूढेङ्गितचेष्टितैः ।
आकारं इङ्गितं चेष्टां भृत्येषु च चिकीर्षितम् । । ७.६७ । ।
- With respect to the affairs let the (ambassador) explore the expression of the countenance, the gestures and actions of the (foreign king) through the gestures and actions of his confidential (advisers), and (discover) his designs among his servants. (Ⅲ)
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7.
68
बुद्ध्वा च सर्वं तत्त्वेन परराजचिकीर्षितम् ।
तथा प्रयत्नं आतिष्ठेद्यथात्मानं न पीडयेत् । । ७.६८ । ।
- Having learnt exactly (from his ambassador) the designs of the foreign king, let (the king) take such measures that he does not bring evil on himself. (Ⅲ)
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7.
69
जाङ्गलं सस्यसंपन्नं आर्यप्रायं अनाविलम् ।
रम्यं आनतसामन्तं स्वाजीव्यं देशं आवसेत् । । ७.६९ । ।
- Let him settle in a country which is open and has a dry climate, where grain is abundant, which is chiefly (inhabited) by Aryans, not subject to epidemic diseases (or similar troubles), and pleasant, where the vassals are obedient and his own (people easily) find their livelihood. (Ⅲ)
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7.
70
धन्वदुर्गं महीदुर्गं अब्दुर्गं वार्क्षं एव वा ।
नृदुर्गं गिरिदुर्गं वा समाश्रित्य वसेत्पुरम् । । ७.७० । ।
- Let him build (there) a town, making for his safety a fortress, protected by a desert, or a fortress built of (stone and) earth, or one protected by water or trees, or one (formed by an encampment of armed) men or a hill-fort. (Ⅲ)
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7.
71
सर्वेण तु प्रयत्नेन गिरिदुर्गं समाश्रयेत् ।
एषां हि बाहुगुण्येन गिरिदुर्गं विशिष्यते । । ७.७१ । ।
- Let him make every effort to secure a hill-fort, for amongst all those (fortresses mentioned) a hill-fort is distinguished by many superior qualities. (Ⅲ)
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7.
72
त्रिण्याद्यान्याश्रितास्त्वेषां मृगगर्ताश्रयाप्चराः ।
त्रीण्युत्तराणि क्रमशः प्लवंगमनरामराः । । ७.७२ । ।
- The first three of those (various kinds of fortresses) are inhabited by wild beasts, animals living in holes and aquatic animals, the last three by monkeys, men, and gods respectively. (Ⅲ)
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7.
73
यथा दुर्गाश्रितानेतान्नोपहिंसन्ति शत्रवः ।
तथारयो न हिंसन्ति नृपं दुर्गसमाश्रितम् । । ७.७३ । ।
- As enemies do not hurt these (beings, when they are) sheltered by (their) fortresses, even so foes (can) not injure a king who has taken refuge in his fort. (Ⅲ)
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7.
74
एकः शतं योधयति प्राकारस्थो धनुर्धरः ।
शतं दशसहस्राणि तस्माद्दुर्गं विधीयते । । ७.७४ । ।
- One bowman, placed on a rampart, is a match in battle for one hundred (foes), one hundred for ten thousand; hence it is prescribed (in the Sastras that a king will posses) a fortress. (Ⅲ)
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7.
75
तत्स्यादायुधसंपन्नं धनधान्येन वाहनैः ।
ब्राह्मणैः शिल्पिभिर्यन्त्रैर्यवसेनोदकेन च । । ७.७५ । ।
- Let that (fort) be well supplied with weapons, money, grain and beasts of burden, with Brahmanas, with artisans, with engines, with fodder, and with water. (Ⅲ)
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7.
76
तस्य मध्ये सुपर्याप्तं कारयेद्गृहं आत्मनः ।
गुप्तं सर्वर्तुकं शुभ्रं जलवृक्षसमन्वितम् । । ७.७६ । ।
- Let him cause to be built for himself, in the centre of it, a spacious palace, (well) protected, habitable in every season, resplendent (with whitewash), supplied with water and trees. (Ⅲ)
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7.
77
तदध्यास्योद्वहेद्भार्यां सवर्णां लक्षणान्विताम् ।
कुले महति संभूतां हृद्यां रूपगुणान्वीताम् । । ७.७७ । ।
- Inhabiting that, let him wed a consort of equal caste (varna), who possesses auspicious marks (on her body), and is born in a great family, who is charming and possesses beauty and excellent qualities. (Ⅲ)
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7.
78
पुरोहितं च कुर्वीत वृणुयादेव च र्त्विजः ।
तेऽस्य गृह्याणि कर्माणि कुर्युर्वैतानिकानि च । । ७.७८ । ।
- Let him appoint a domestic priest (purohita) and choose officiating priests (ritvig); they shall perform his domestic rites and the (sacrifices) for which three fires are required. (Ⅲ)
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7.
79
यजेत राजा क्रतुभिर्विविधैराप्तदक्षिणैः ।
धर्मार्थं चैव विप्रेभ्यो दद्याद्भोगान्धनानि च । । ७.७९ । ।
- A king shall offer various (Srauta) sacrifices at which liberal fees (are distributed), and in order to acquire merit, he shall give to Brahmanas enjoyments and wealth. (Ⅲ)
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7.
80
सांवत्सरिकं आप्तैश्च राष्ट्रादाहारयेद्बलिम् ।
स्याच्चाम्नायपरो लोके वर्तेत पितृवन्नृषु । । ७.८० । ।
- Let him cause the annual revenue in his kingdom to be collected by trusty (officials), let him obey the sacred law in (his transactions with) the people, and behave like a father towards all men. (Ⅲ)
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7.
81
अध्यक्षान्विविधान्कुर्यात्तत्र तत्र विपश्चितः ।
तेऽस्य सर्वाण्यवेक्षेरन्नृणां कार्याणि कुर्वताम् । । ७.८१ । ।
- For the various (branches of business) let him appoint intelligent supervisors; they shall inspect all (the acts) of those men who transact his business. (Ⅲ)
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7.
82
आवृत्तानां गुरुकुलाद्विप्राणां पूजको भवेत् ।
नृपाणां अक्षयो ह्येष निधिर्ब्राह्मोऽभिधीयते । । ७.८२ । ।
- Let him honour those Brahmanas who have returned from their teacher's house (after studying the Veda); for that (money which is given) to Brahmanas is declared to be an imperishable treasure for kings. (Ⅲ)
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7.
83
न तं स्तेना न चामित्रा हरन्ति न च नश्यति ।
तस्माद्राज्ञा निधातव्यो ब्राह्मणेष्वक्षयो निधिः । । ७.८३ । ।
- Neither thieves nor foes can take it, nor can it be lost; hence an imperishable store must be deposited by kings with Brahmanas. (Ⅲ)
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7.
84
न स्कन्दते न व्यथते न विनश्यति कर्हि चित् ।
वरिष्ठं अग्निहोत्रेभ्यो ब्राह्मणस्य मुखे हुतम् । । ७.८४ । ।
- The offering made through the mouth of a Brahmana, which is neither spilt, nor falls (on the ground), nor ever perishes, is far more excellent than Agnihotras. (Ⅲ)
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7.
85
समं अब्राह्मणे दानं द्विगुणं ब्राह्मणब्रुवे ।
प्राधीते शतसाहस्रं अनन्तं वेदपारगे । । ७.८५ । ।
- A gift to one who is not a Brahmana (yields) the ordinary (reward; a gift) to one who calls himself a Brahmana, a double (reward); a gift to a well-read Brahmana, a hundred-thousandfold (reward); (a gift) to one who knows the Veda and the Angas (Vedaparaga, a reward) without end. (Ⅲ)
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7.
86
पात्रस्य हि विशेषेण श्रद्दधानतयैव च ।
अल्पं वा बहु वा प्रेत्य दानस्य फलं अश्नुते । । ७.८६ । ।
- For according to the particular qualities of the recipient and according to the faith (of the giver) a small or a great reward will be obtained for a gift in the next world. (Ⅲ)
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7.
87
देशकालविधानेन द्रव्यं श्रद्धासमन्वितम् ।
पात्रे प्रदीयते यत्तु तद्धर्मस्य प्रसाधनम् । । ७.८७ं । ।
- A king who, while he protects his people, is defied by (foes), be they equal in strength, or stronger, or weaker, must not shrink from battle, remembering the duty of Kshatriyas. (Ⅲ)
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7.
88
समोत्तमाधमै राजा त्वाहूतः पालयन्प्रजाः ।
न निवर्तेत संग्रामात्क्षात्रं धर्मं अनुस्मरन् । । ७.८७[८८ं] । ।
- Not to turn back in battle, to protect the people, to honour the Brahmanas, is the best means for a king to secure happiness. (Ⅲ)
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7.
89
संग्रामेष्वनिवर्तित्वं प्रजानां चैव पालनम् ।
शुश्रूषा ब्राह्मणानां च राज्ञां श्रेयस्करं परम् । । ७.८८[८९ं] । ।
- Those kings who, seeking to slay each other in battle, fight with the utmost exertion and do not turn back, go to heaven. (Ⅲ)
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7.
90
आहवेषु मिथोऽन्योन्यं जिघांसन्तो महीक्षितः ।
युध्यमानाः परं शक्त्या स्वर्गं यान्त्यपराङ्मुखाः । । ७.८९[९०ं] । ।
- When he fights with his foes in battle, let him not strike with weapons concealed (in wood), nor with (such as are) barbed, poisoned, or the points of which are blazing with fire. (Ⅲ)
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7.
91
न कूटैरायुधैर्हन्याद्युध्यमानो रणे रिपून् ।
न कर्णिभिर्नापि दिग्धैर्नाग्निज्वलिततेजनैः । । ७.९०[९१ं] । ।
- Let him not strike one who (in flight) has climbed on an eminence, nor a eunuch, nor one who joins the palms of his hands (in supplication), nor one who (flees) with flying hair, nor one who sits down, nor one who says 'I am thine;' (Ⅲ)
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7.
92
न च हन्यात्स्थलारूढं न क्लीबं न कृताञ्जलिम् ।
न मुक्तकेशं नासीनं न तवास्मीति वादिनम् । । ७.९१[९२ं] । ।
- Nor one who sleeps, nor one who has lost his coat of mail, nor one who is naked, nor one who is disarmed, nor one who looks on without taking part in the fight, nor one who is fighting with another (foe); (Ⅲ)
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